Richard Phillips (merchant mariner)

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For the feature film about this person, see Captain Phillips (film).
Captain
Richard Phillips
RichardPhillips.jpg
Richard Phillips during a May 2009 Whitehouse chat with U.S. President Barack Obama.[1]
Born (1955-05-16) May 16, 1955 (age 58)
Winchester, Massachusetts, U.S.
Nationality American
Occupation Merchant mariner, author
Known for Captain of MV Maersk Alabama during its hijacking by pirates in 2009

Captain Richard Phillips (born May 16, 1955[2]) is a US merchant mariner and author, who served as captain of the MV Maersk Alabama during its hijacking by Somali pirates in April 2009.

Early life[edit]

Captain Richard Phillips was born in Winchester, Massachusetts;[3] and graduated from Winchester High School in 1973.[4] Phillips enrolled at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and planned to study international law, but later transferred to the Massachusetts Maritime Academy, where he graduated in 1979.[5] During his schooling, Phillips worked as a cab driver in Boston.[6] Phillips married Andrea Coggio, a nurse, in 1987, and they have two children, Daniel and Mariah.[4]

Maersk Alabama hijacking[edit]

Main article: Maersk Alabama hijacking

On April 7, 2009, the U.S. Maritime Administration, following NATO advisories, released a Somalia Gulf of Aden "advisory to mariners" recommending ships to stay at least 600 nautical miles (1,100 km; 690 mi) off Somalia's coast. With these advisories well in effect, on April 8, 2009, four Somali pirates boarded the Maersk Alabama when it was located 240 nmi (440 km) southeast of the Somalian port city of Eyl.[7] With a crew of 20, the ship was en route to Mombasa, Kenya. The ship was carrying 17,000 metric tons of cargo, of which 5,000 metric tons were relief supplies bound for Kenya, Somalia, and Uganda. "In that area of the world, any blip on your radar is of concern," says the 57-year-old mariner, "I always told my crew it was a matter of when, not if."[8][9][10]

The 28-foot lifeboat where Phillips and the four Somali pirates were held up as seen from a US Navy Boeing ScanEagle UAV.

According to Chief Engineer Mike Perry, the crew sank the pirate speedboat shortly after the boarding by continuously swinging the rudder of the Maersk Alabama, thus scuttling the smaller boat.[11] As the pirates were boarding the ship, the crew members locked themselves in the engine room.[12] The crew later overpowered one of the pirates.[12] The crew attempted to exchange the captured pirate, whom they had kept tied up for twelve hours,[13] for Phillips. According to a crew member, Phillips and the pirates got into a man-overboard boat, but it would not start, so the crew dropped a lifeboat and met the pirates to switch prisoners and boats.[11] The captured pirate was released, but the pirates refused to release Phillips.[14] The pirates left with Phillips in the lifeboat which carried ten days of food rations, water and basic survival supplies.[14]

On April 8, the destroyer USS Bainbridge and the frigate USS Halyburton were dispatched to the Gulf of Aden in response to the hostage situation, and reached Maersk Alabama early on April 9.[15] Maersk Alabama then departed from the area with an armed escort, towards its original destination of the port of Mombasa. On Saturday, April 11, Maersk Alabama arrived in Mombasa, still under U.S. military escort. Captain Larry Aasheim then assumed command. Aasheim had previously been captain of the Maersk Alabama until Richard Phillips relieved him eight days prior to the pirate attack. An 18-man marine security team was on board.[15] The U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation secured the ship as a crime scene.[16]

On April 9, a standoff began between the Bainbridge and the pirates in the Maersk Alabama's lifeboat, where they continued to hold Phillips hostage.[17] [18][19] Three days later, on Sunday, April 12, U.S. Navy marksmen from DEVGRU (formerly known as Seal Team Six) opened fire and killed the three pirates on the lifeboat, and Phillips was rescued in good condition.[20][21] The Bainbridge captain Commander Frank Castellano ordered the action after determining that Phillips' life was in immediate danger, based on reports that a pirate was pointing an AK-47 automatic rifle at his back.[22][23][24] Navy SEAL snipers on Bainbridge's fantail opened fire, killing the three pirates with bullets to the head[25]; one of the pirates was named Ali Aden Elmi, another's last name was Hamac, and the third remains unidentified.[26] A fourth pirate, Abduwali Muse, aboard the Bainbridge and negotiating for Phillips' release while being treated for an injury sustained in the takeover of Maersk Alabama, surrendered and was taken into custody.[20][21] Muse's parents asked that he be pardoned because he was either 16 or 17 years old at the time of the incident, but at court it was ruled that he was not a juvenile and would be tried as an adult.[26] He later pleaded guilty to piracy charges and was sentenced to over 33 years in prison.[26][27]

Post-rescue[edit]

Following the hijacking, Phillips published a book titled A Captain's Duty: Somali Pirates, Navy SEALS, and Dangerous Days at Sea. Columbia Pictures optioned the book and acquired the film rights in spring 2009.[28] In March 2011, it was announced that Tom Hanks would star as Phillips, Barkhad Abdi as Abduwali Muse and Faysal Ahmed as Najee in a Sony Pictures film based on the hijacking and Phillips' book,[29] scripted by Billy Ray, and produced by the team behind The Social Network.[28] The film, entitled Captain Phillips, was released on October 11, 2013[30][31][32] and had its premiere showing at the 2013 New York Film Festival.[33] In an interview with Phillips on the set of Captain Phillips for New York Daily News, Phillips describes his devotion to his crew, his feeling of success as a captain and his eagerness to get back to sea. "My crew were now safe, because the pirates lost their ladder and boat when they boarded the Maersk Alabama, so they couldn't get back onboard," says Phillips. "For me it was really a relief—my crew and ship were safe." Phillips also added, "I never lost hope for myself, but I didn't see a good ending coming out of it." All of this before his rescue by Navy SEAL snipers on April 12, 2009. Phillips commented in his interview that the rendition of the events was accurate, adding, "When I met him I told him if he's going to play me he's going to have to put on a little weight and get a little better-looking and he did neither."[34]

Since the release of Captain Phillips, there has been controversy over its portrayal of Phillips, with several crew members claiming that he was not the hero presented in the film.[35]

Phillips said to CNN's Drew Griffin in 2010 and in a court deposition last year that he ignored the numerous warnings that urged him to go farther out to sea. When asked last year why he decided not to take the ship farther offshore, Phillips testified, "I don't believe 600 miles would make you safe. I didn't believe 1,200 miles would make you safe. As I told the crew, it would be a matter of when, not if... We were always in this area."[36]

Phillips returned to sea fourteen months after the pirate attack.[37]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Orr, Jimmy (May 10, 2009). "Obama meets Captain Richard Phillips and then plays hoops". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 14 October 2013. 
  2. ^ Captain Phillips (2013) historyvshollywood.com
  3. ^ "Resolution Praising Captain Richard Phillips Of Vermont Passes". Retrieved 2013-09-03. 
  4. ^ a b "Friends Describe Hostage Captain as Seaman's Seaman With Keen Sense of Humor". Retrieved 2013-09-03. 
  5. ^ Kennedy, Helen (9 April 2009). "Who is Richard Phillips? Captain of the Maersk Alabama and a hero on the high seas". New York Daily News. Retrieved 2013-09-03. 
  6. ^ "Profile: Captain Richard Phillips". Retrieved 2013-09-03. 
  7. ^ Sanders, Edmund; Barnes, Julian E. (April 9, 2009). "Somalia pirates hold U.S. captain". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 12, 2009. 
  8. ^ "In that area of the world, any blip on your radar is of concern," says the 57-year-old mariner. "I always told my crew it was a matter of when, not if." http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/real-captain-phillips-met-tom-hanks-article-1.1477471#ixzz2h5hZeIgV
  9. ^ "Somali pirates hijack Danish ship". BBC news. 2009-04-08. Retrieved 2009-04-08. 
  10. ^ "Ship carrying 20 Americans believed hijacked off Somalia". CNN. 2009-04-09. Retrieved 2009-04-09. 
  11. ^ a b "Crewman's e-mail gives harrowing details of hijacking". CNN. April 20, 2009. Retrieved 6 July 2010. 
  12. ^ a b "American Captain 'Unharmed' in Lifeboat - ABC News". Abcnews.go.com. 2009-04-09. Retrieved 2012-06-19. 
  13. ^ "Africa | FBI in hostage talks with Somalis". BBC News. 2009-04-09. Retrieved 2009-04-09. "According to second mate Ken Quinn, the crew managed to capture one of the pirates and keep him tied up for 12 hours" 
  14. ^ a b "Cargo ship heads for Kenya". CNN. 2009-04-08. Retrieved 2009-04-09. 
  15. ^ a b "U.S. Warship Shadows Somali Pirates With Hostage". Associated Press. April 9, 2009. Retrieved April 12, 2009. [dead link]
  16. ^ "WRAPUP 10-U.S. Navy rescues captain, kills Somali pirates". Reuters. April 12, 2009. 
  17. ^ Mohamed Olad Hassan; Mohamed Sheikh Nor; Pauline Jelinek; Anne Gearan; Matt Apuzzo; Elizabeth Kennedy; Ray Henry; John Curran; Brian Skoloff; Christine Armario; Larry O'Dell (April 10, 2009). "Pirates recapture U.S. hostage after escape attempt". Journal Star. Associated Press. Retrieved October 2013-10-21. 
  18. ^ Houreld, Katharine; Muhumed, Malkhadir M. (April 10, 2009). "Pirates recapture US hostage after escape attempt". Associated Press. Retrieved April 12, 2009. 
  19. ^ "Pirates Hold American Captain Hostage; Negotiations Continue for Release". The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer. April 9, 2009. Retrieved April 12, 2009. 
  20. ^ a b Verjee, Zain; Starr, Barbara (April 12, 2009). "Captain jumps overboard, SEALs shoot pirates, official says". CNN. Retrieved April 12, 2009. 
  21. ^ a b "US captain held by pirates freed". BBC News. April 12, 2009. Retrieved April 14, 2009. 
  22. ^ "Official: US sea captain faced imminent danger". Associated Press. April 12, 2009. Retrieved April 12, 2009. 
  23. ^ Mikkelsen, Randall (April 12, 2009). "US acted after pirates aimed at ship captain". Reuters. Archived from the original on April 14, 2009. Retrieved April 12, 2009. 
  24. ^ "US captain rescued from pirates". BBC News. April 13, 2009. Retrieved April 13, 2009. 
  25. ^ Hostage captain rescued; Navy snipers kill 3 pirates CNN, April 12, 2009
  26. ^ a b c Hassan, Abdiqani (2009-04-22). "Somali Pirate Families Ask for U.S. Pardon". Reuters. Retrieved 22 April 2009. 
  27. ^ "Somali pirate sentenced to 33 years in US prison". BBC News. 16 February 2011. Retrieved 16 February 2011. 
  28. ^ a b Kit, Borys. "Tom Hanks to Play Capt. Richard Phillips in Somali Pirate Hostage Story," Hollywood Reporter (15 March 2011).
  29. ^ Lord Paluzzi, Jennifer. "Wanted: Farmhouse Suitable for Tom Hanks". The Westborough Daily Voice. Retrieved 19 July 2012. 
  30. ^ Daily Mail Reporter (April 20, 2012). "Tom Hanks climbs aboard to film Captain Phillips biopic in which he's captured by Somali pirates". Daily Mail (London). Retrieved July 26, 2013. 
  31. ^ Annas, Teresa (June 16, 2012). "'Captain Phillips' filming details kept under wraps". The Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Va.). Retrieved July 26, 2013. 
  32. ^ "Captain Phillips Trailer, News, Videos, and Reviews". ComingSoon.net. Retrieved July 26, 2013. 
  33. ^ "Paul Greengrass film to open New York Film Festival". BBC News. 1 August 2013. Retrieved 23 August 2013. 
  34. ^ Ethan Sacks (5 October 2013). "Real 'Captain Phillips' met Tom Hanks, joked he had to get 'better-looking' to play him". New York Daily News. Retrieved 27 October 2013. 
  35. ^ Paul M. Barrett (11 October 2013). "Hero of Captain Phillips Movie Portrayed as Villain in Lawsuit". Bloomberg Business Week. Retrieved 11 January 2014. 
  36. ^ Paul M. Barrett (11 October 2013). "Hero of Captain Phillips Movie Portrayed as Villain in Lawsuit". Bloomberg Business Week. Retrieved 11 January 2014. 
  37. ^ Logan, Nick (12 October 2013). "Capt. Richard Phillips still sailing seas after 2009 pirate attack". Global News. Retrieved 18 November 2013. 
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